2019-09-04
# 如何发布 npm 包
这里借助 webpack 官网中的一个 demo (opens new window) 来演示如何发布一个 npm 包。
# 注册 npm 账号
# 填写注册信息
登录官网，点击 Join 注册账户，填写 Full Name、Public Email、Username、Password信息，点击 Create an Account 按钮进行注册。
注册后，Username 将无法进行修改，请认真起名字~
# 验证邮箱
注册后，npm 网站会出现一个需要验证邮箱的提示信息。
同时，注册邮箱会收到一封验证邮件。如果没有验证邮箱地址，将无法发布 npm 包。
# 修改 npm 默认头像（可选）
这一步无关紧要，你可以点击此处跳过，进入下一步~
npm 使用 Gravatar (opens new window) 头像，这里可以将 npm 头像设置为自定义头像。
- 点击页面右上角头像，点击
Profile Settings，进入个人信息设置页面
点击
🖼 Change your Gravatar进入gravatar网站点击
Add email address，输入注册npm账号的邮箱，然后点击Add
Add a new image增加头像- 点击新增的头像，
Pick new image为其选择头像
npm网站头像同步略有延迟
# 设置镜像源
npm config list 查看 npm 配置信息。如果发现 registry 不是官方源 http://registry.npmjs.org，请将仓库镜像源设置成官方镜像: npm config set registry=http://registry.npmjs.org。
否则发布时会出现 npm ERR! publish Failed PUT 403。
wangfuchengdeMac-mini:webpack-numbers wangfucheng$ npm publish
npm notice
npm notice 📦 webpack-numbers-demo@1.0.0
npm notice === Tarball Contents ===
npm notice 357B package.json
npm notice 94B README.md
npm notice 435B webpack.config.js
npm notice 1.7kB dist/webpack-numbers.js
npm notice 622B example/browser/index.html
npm notice 218B example/node/index.js
npm notice 678B src/index.js
npm notice 254B src/ref.json
npm notice === Tarball Details ===
npm notice name: webpack-numbers-demo
npm notice version: 1.0.0
npm notice package size: 2.2 kB
npm notice unpacked size: 4.4 kB
npm notice shasum: d4c8eeedcdfd8740d86cbff0e7406240afcb927b
npm notice integrity: sha512-C9dqKauWLpHtd[...]fZQsfi1tZ86aQ==
npm notice total files: 8
npm notice
npm ERR! publish Failed PUT 403
npm ERR! code E403
npm ERR! [no_perms] Private mode enable, only admin can publish this module [no_perms] Private mode enable, only admin can publish this module: webpack-numbers-demo
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# 本地终端登录 npm
本地试用 npm adduser 登录 npm
wangfuchengdeMac-mini:webpack-numbers wangfucheng$ npm adduser
Username: anonymity94
Password:
Email: (this IS public) 1176989591@qq.com
Logged in as anonymity94 on http://registry.npmjs.org/.
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可以使用 npm config list 查看 npm 登录信息
wangfuchengdeMac-mini:webpack-numbers wangfucheng$ npm config list
; cli configs
metrics-registry = "http://registry.npmjs.org/"
scope = ""
user-agent = "npm/6.4.1 node/v10.15.2 darwin x64"
; userconfig /Users/wangfucheng/.npmrc
//registry.npm.taobao.org/:always-auth = false
//registry.npm.taobao.org/:email = "1176989591@qq.com"
//registry.npm.taobao.org/:username = "anonymity94"
registry = "http://registry.npmjs.org/"
; node bin location = /Users/wangfucheng/.nvm/versions/node/v10.15.2/bin/node
; cwd = /Users/wangfucheng/coading/webpack-numbers
; HOME = /Users/wangfucheng
; "npm config ls -l" to show all defaults.
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# 发布 npm 包
# 确认包名称和版本
确认 package.json 中的 name 和 version 字段。
当要发布的包名和 npm 上的包重名时会有错误产生，所以可以先去 npm 官网上搜索一下，名字是否已被使用。
发布包的名字要保证是独一无二的。当重名时会有如下错误：
wangfuchengdeMac-mini:webpack-numbers wangfucheng$ npm publish
npm notice
npm notice 📦 webpack-numbers-demo@1.0.0
npm notice === Tarball Contents ===
npm notice 357B package.json
npm notice 94B README.md
npm notice 435B webpack.config.js
npm notice 1.7kB dist/webpack-numbers.js
npm notice 622B example/browser/index.html
npm notice 218B example/node/index.js
npm notice 678B src/index.js
npm notice 254B src/ref.json
npm notice === Tarball Details ===
npm notice name: webpack-numbers-demo
npm notice version: 1.0.0
npm notice package size: 2.2 kB
npm notice unpacked size: 4.4 kB
npm notice shasum: d4c8eeedcdfd8740d86cbff0e7406240afcb927b
npm notice integrity: sha512-C9dqKauWLpHtd[...]fZQsfi1tZ86aQ==
npm notice total files: 8
npm notice
npm ERR! publish Failed PUT 403
npm ERR! code E403
npm ERR! You do not have permission to publish "webpack-numbers-demo". Are you logged in as the correct user? : webpack-numbers-demo
npm ERR! A complete log of this run can be found in:
npm ERR! /Users/wangfucheng/.npm/_logs/2019-09-04T08_34_20_996Z-debug.log
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# 发布
使用 npm publish 命令进行发布。
wangfuchengdeMac-mini:webpack-numbers wangfucheng$ npm publish
npm notice
npm notice 📦 webpack-numbers-publish-demo@1.0.0
npm notice === Tarball Contents ===
npm notice 365B package.json
npm notice 94B README.md
npm notice 435B webpack.config.js
npm notice 1.7kB dist/webpack-numbers.js
npm notice 622B example/browser/index.html
npm notice 218B example/node/index.js
npm notice 678B src/index.js
npm notice 254B src/ref.json
npm notice === Tarball Details ===
npm notice name: webpack-numbers-publish-demo
npm notice version: 1.0.0
npm notice package size: 2.2 kB
npm notice unpacked size: 4.4 kB
npm notice shasum: cbe951478422f1ec93d25bd9f675e57741322ad9
npm notice integrity: sha512-n7nVwkFJrAVlB[...]PMWQNDRdmGpZA==
npm notice total files: 8
npm notice
+ webpack-numbers-publish-demo@1.0.0
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发布成功后，可以在 npm 仓库中搜索到。
# 删除 npm 包
已经发布的包，只允许在72小时内撤销。
https://docs.npmjs.com/unpublishing-packages-from-the-registry (opens new window)
In order to permanently remove a package (or package version) from the npm registry, as a package owner or collaborator, you can unpublish it from the the command line within 72 hours of the initial publish.
删除命令：npm unpublish --force。
wangfuchengdeMac-mini:webpack-numbers wangfucheng$ npm unpublish --force
npm WARN using --force I sure hope you know what you are doing.
- webpack-numbers-publish-demo@1.0.0
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删除后，npm 仓库中已经找不到相关的包。
# ⚠️ 错误总结
- 镜像不是官方镜像
npm ERR! publish Failed PUT 403
npm ERR! code E403
npm ERR! [no_perms] Private mode enable, only admin can publish this module [no_perms] Private mode enable, only admin can publish
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- 邮箱未验证
npm ERR! You must verify your email before publishing a new package: https://www.npmjs.com/email-edit : cuitaonpm
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- 账户未登录
npm ERR! code ENEEDAUTH
npm ERR! need auth auth required for publishing
npm ERR! need auth You need to authorize this machine using `npm adduser`
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- 包名已经被使用
npm ERR! publish Failed PUT 403
npm ERR! code E403
npm ERR! You do not have permission to publish "webpack-numbers-demo". Are you logged in as the correct user? : webpack-numbers-demo
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